Which flavour of Windows?
I would be tempted to make sure there is no disc in the drive, delete all entries for the drive in Hardware manager (Control Panel, System somewhere depending which Windows). Then power off. Then power on and hope Windows finds it OK and creates a viable config. If not would get into the BIOS during boot (often Del key, sometimes F2 on Dells) and see if the BIOS knows about it.
Before doing this may be worth checking which kind of disks it can/cant see - music CD, data CD, movie DVD etc. But likely if it cant find 1 it cant find all. But may just be a duff disk.